ࡱ>  E]bjbj ;(U84*Lu4 v(3333333,6G944o/4ooo"3o3oo-h.6 .3E40u40.K:oK: .o./44ou4K: p:    PSC 355/555 Democratic Political Processes Professor Alexander Lee Professor Bing Powell (alexander.mark.lee@rochester.edu) (gb.powell@rochester.edu) Fall 2016 Tuesday 12:30-3:15. Harkness 329 Objective. This course is designed primarily as a graduate seminar in comparative politics. Its object is to introduce the participants to the comparative study of democratic political processes. The course meets preparation requirements for this substantive subfield of the Ph.D. comprehensive examination in comparative politics. No background in comparative politics is assumed. It is appropriate as an introduction for students new to the field or as an "outside" course. Approach. The comparative democratic political processes subfield focuses on choosing political leaders and making political decisions in the context of competitive elections and relative freedom of political action. We begin by discussing the meaning and measure of contemporary democracy and the nature of democratic transitions. We then turn to political parties, as key institutions linking citizens and policymakers, and policymaking institutions. The last part of the course focuses on the comparative study of individual citizens' attitudes and behavior (political culture, participation, interest groups.) Many seminar sessions will be divided into two main parts. In one of these, we shall discuss the starred collective readings shown in Column 3 of the syllabus. Our discussion is designed to accomplish both substantive and methodological objectives. On one hand, we want to understand how to explain the particular substantive theme, addressing the concepts, theories and evidence presented. The readings are designed to introduce a variety of substantive topics, not to be definitive on any of them. (The unstarred readings are recommended for those interested in following up some additional aspects of these topics.) On the other hand, we want to understand strengths and limitations of various approaches to comparative analysis--cross-sectional or longitudinal comparisons, sample of countries or units, quantitative versus qualitative measurement of variables, specification issues, and so forth. In the other part of the session, we shall have presentations by seminar members. These presentations are of four types, exemplifying important approaches to the study of democratic processes in comparative politics. Each seminar participant is responsible for one presentation of each type. Each type of presentations should be about 20 minutes long, followed by another 10 minutes of discussion. A written summary or annotated bibliography is to be handed out. One presentation will be on a particular comparative quantitative data set, as suggested in Column 4. The student is responsible for examining the appropriate website and related material, downloading the data (or a subset of it), doing some simple analysis to show that the data are accessible, describing to the class the unit basis of the data, the types of variables and their measurement, and identifying some publications or papers using these data. Any special problems of limitations of the data should be noted. Another presentation will focus on a specific country and application of the general theme of the week to the politics of that country and vice versa. We would hope for a presentation that would focus on a theoretical issue and demonstrate the importance of context, or trace some particular institution or process in a case-study approach. Another presentation will be of a research idea using regression discontinuity techniques. The proposal should outline the theory to be tested, the data to be used, expected results, and the plausibility of the identifying assumptions. A final presentation should be a replication of an existing published political science article. The student should obtain the data, reproduce (if possible) the core finding, and then conduct an additional analysis that tests the robustness of the results, possibly based on an alternative theory. Grades and Responsibilities of Seminar Participants. Seminar participants are responsible for four presentations and associated written summaries/annotated bibliographies. Grades will be based on the four seminar presentations and the associated written summaries (12.5% each), class discussion (10%) and a research paper on some aspect or problem of democratic processes (40%). Individual meetings with the instructor about the paper topic early in the semester are mandatory, no later than the middle of term. The paper topic must be approved in advance. Papers are due on the last day of classes for the semester, Friday, December 12 . In exceptional cases, a take-home final exam may be substituted for the research paper, in which case the presentations are worth 15% each and the final is worth 30%. Availability of Materials. We suggest purchasing used copies of most of these books on line: Achen and Bartels. Democracy for Realists. Princeton 2016. Cox, Gary. Making Votes Count. Cambridge, 1997. Duch and Stevenson. The Economic Voter. Cambridge. 2008. Laver and Shepsle, Making and Breaking Governments. Cambridge 1996. Martin and Vanberg. Parliaments and Coalitions. Oxford 2013. Przeworski, et al., Democracy and Development. Cambridge 2000. Powell, G. Bingham. Elections as Instruments of Democracy. Yale, 2000. Tarrow, Sidney. Power in Movement. 3rd ed. Cambridge, 2011. Tsebelis, George. Veto Players. Cambridge 2002. Required assigned chapters in other books will be available through Blackboard, linked to the syllabus, distributed by email, or occasionally in a box in the political science lounge (Harkness 314.) PSC 355/555  Syllabus Fall 2014 Date Discussion Theme Collective Reading (Data Set Presentation *=Required Possibilities) Sept. 6 Course Organization Syllabus [Lecture on Regression Discontinuity Designs] Sept. 13 Democratic Concepts * Dahl, Democracy & Critics 1989 (Freedom House) Ch. 6-8, 15. *Achen & Bartels. 2016 Democracy for Realists. Ch. 1-3, 5, 10, 11. * Aristotle. Politics. Books IV and VI http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/politics.3.three.html *Sabl, 2014. Two Cultures of Democratic Theory Perspectives 13: 345-365, 2015. Sept. 20 Democracy: Measure *Przeworski, et al. Democracy and Consequence and Development, 2000, Ch.1-2-3. (CIRI Human Rights) *Haschke, Democracy and the Human Right to the Physical Integrity of the Person 2014 Ch. 4, 7. *Epstein et al., Democratic Transitions, AJPS, July 2006. *Schedler, Menu, JoD, Ap 2002 Howard and Roessler, Liberalizing AJPS 2006. Poe, Tate, Keith Human Rights ISQ 1999 Brownlee, Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization. 2007. Sept. 27 Democratization *Lipset, APSR 1959. (Polity IV Project: Regimes.) & Development *Robinson, Democracy & Dev. Ann.Rev.Pol.Sci 2006. *Boix 2011. HYPERLINK "http://www.princeton.edu/~cboix/apsr-boix-2011.pdf" DemocracyAPSR105 (November): 809-828. *Acemoglu, et al., Income & Dem AER 2008 98:3. Rueschemeyer, et al, 1992 Capitalist Development, Pp. 75-121, (Ch 4 ) Geddes, What Do We Know? Ann. Rev. Pol Sci, 2006 Acemoglu & Robinson, Economic Origins 2005. Boix and Stokes Endog Dem WP 2003 Houle Ineq & Dem. World Politics Oct. 2009 Huntington, Third Wave, 1991. Oct. 4 Cleavages and Alignments * Posner, Cultural Differences, APSR Oct. 2004. *Shayo, Social Identity, APSR May 2009 (Minorities At Risk) *Ferree, KarenHow Fluid is Fluid? Ethnic Demography and Electoral Volatility in Africa in Chandra, Kanchan, ed. Constructivist theories of ethnic politics. Oxford University Press, 2012. * Rogowski, Commerce & Coalitions 1989 Ch. 1 Lipset & Rokkan, Party Systems & Voter Alignments 1967, pp. 1-64. Chandra, Why Ethnic Parties Succeed. 2004. Wilkinson, Votes & Violence, 2004. Anderson, Imagined Communities 1991 Oct. 11 Shaping Party Systems: *Riker, Two-Party System & Duvergers Law APSR 1982 Election Rules (Constituency Elections Database) *Cox, Making Votes Count 1997, Esp. Ch 1-4,7-8,10-12,15 *Boix Setting the Rules APSR, 1999. * Hicken, Building Party Systems, 2009, ch. 2,3 Forum of Kreuzer,Cusak, Boix PR APSR May 2010. Crisp, et al.,Vote-Seeking Incentives, JOP 2004 Moser & Scheiner, Electoral Systems, 2012. Lijphart et al Electoral Systems.1994 Kitschelt, Radical Right, 1995. Golder, ExplainingRad Right CPS 2003 Oct. 18 FALL BREAK NO CLASS Oct. 25 Comparing (CSES Election Studies) Citizen Behavior * Duch & Stevenson, The Economic Voter 2008, Ch. 1-4,7,9 (Partisanship, * Achen & Bartels, Democracy for Realists 2014. esp ch 4,7-9,10 Economic voting, * Huber, John D., and Pavithra Suryanarayan. "Ethnic Inequality Cleavages and the Ethnification of Political Parties." World Politics 68.01 Participation) (2016): 149-188. * Quinn, Voter Choice AJPS 1999 43:4 Converse & Pierce, Repres in France, 1986, Ch. 3,4,7 Dalton and Anderson, Citizens, Context Choice, 2011. Samuels, Presidentialism & Eco Voting APSR, Aug 2004. Franklin, Voter Turnout & Dynamics 2004. Verba, Nie, Kim Participation & Equality. 1978, Ch. 3-4 Inglehart Changing, Dalton 1984, Ch. 2. Nov. 1 Clientelism and Corruption (Transparency International) *Kitschelt, Herbert, and Steven I. Wilkinson. Patrons, clients and policies: Patterns of democratic accountability and political competition. Cambridge University Press, 2007. Chapter 1. *Stokes and Dunning et al. 2013. Brokers, Voters and Clientelism, Chapters 1, 3, 7, 8. *Stokes, Susan C. "Perverse accountability: A formal model of machine politics with evidence from Argentina." American Political Science Review 99.3 (2005): 315. *Nichter, Simeon. "Vote buying or turnout buying? Machine politics and the secret ballot." American political science review 102.01 (2008): 19-31. Treisman, Daniel. "The causes of corruption: a cross-national study." Journal of public economics 76.3 (2000): 399-457. (Duke Political Accountability Project) Nov. 8 Party Competition *Downs, Economic Theory of Democracy, Ch. 7-8. & Party Systems * Meguid, Competition. APSR Aug 2005 *Schofield & Sened, Multiparty Dem. 2006, Ch. 1,2,4, 9? *Kitschelt & Kselman, CPS 46. 2013 Adams & Somer-Topcu Policy Shifts.. 2009 BJPS 39:825-846 Schofield et al Multipty Compet Public Choice 1998 Sartori, Parties & Party Systems, 1976, Ch. 6. Groffman, Downs.Ann Rev 2004 Adams, et al, Unified Theory 2005. Budge et al, Mapping Policy Pref, 2001 Nov. 15 Parliamentary Government Formation *Laver & Shepsle, Making & Breaking Govs 1996 and Stability Chapters 4,5,7-9 (Comparative Manifesto Project) *Baron Spatial Bargaining Theory APSR March 1991. *Martin & Stevenson, Gov Formation, AJPS, 2001 *Diermeir & Stevenson, Cab terminations APSR 3 2000 Laver & Schofield, Multiparty Government, 1990. Martin & Stevenson, Effect of Incumbency, APSR 2010. Bowler, Pty Discipline, Ch. 1,2 Kalandrakis Theory of Minority Governments. Political Science Research and Methods. 2014. Laver Government Termination, Ann Rev 2003 Volder & Carrubba, Oversize Coalitions AJPS 2004 Nov. 15-22 Inter-Institutional *Tsebelis, Veto Players Princeton 2002. (Veto Players)  HYPERLINK "http://comparativepolitics.uni-greifswald.de/data.html" http://comparativepolitics.uni-greifswald.de/data.html Relations *Helmke Institutions on the Edge. 2016. *Martin & Vanberg, Parliaments & Coalitions 2011 Samuels & Shugart, Presidents, Parties & PMs 2010 ch ?. Shugart & Carey, Presidents & Assemblies 1991. Morgenstern & Nacif, Leg. Politics in LA, 2001 Linz Perils of Pres JoD 1990 Lijphart, Patterns of Democracy, 1999. Carey & Shugart, Exec Decree Authority, Ch 1,10 Vanberg, Politics of Constitutional Review, 2005. Nov. 29 Political Culture: *Norris & Inglehart CS 2002 (World Values) Citizen Values *Tarrow, Power in Movement, Cambridge 2011. (Procedural, *Inglehart, Culture Shift, 1990, Intro, Ch. 1-2 Substantive) * Tabellini, Culture & Institutions J of EEA June 2010. Lohmann, Signaling Model, APSR (2) 1993. Putnam Making Democracy Work 1993 Howard, Weakness of Civil Society in EE 2003, Ch. 4 Gurr, Minorities at Risk 1993 Dec. 6 Responsiveness *Powell, Elections as Instruments 2000, esp. ch 1,2, and Representation 7-10; recent paper. (Manifesto Data) * Stokes, Mandates & Democracy, 2001, Ch. 1. *Pettersson-Lidbom Do Parties Matter? JofEEA S 2008 *Lee, David S., Enrico Moretti, and Matthew J. Butler. "Do voters affect or elect policies? Evidence from the US House." The Quarterly Journal of Economics (2004): 807-859. Thompson, et al. Promise-Keeping. APSA 2010,2014. Kang and Powell Rep and Policy Respon. JOP Oct 2010 Warwick, Voters, Parties, Declared Policy CPS 44 Dec 2011 Kraymon & Posner Who Benefits POP 2013 Papers are due on Friday Dec. 9th Dec. 13 Redistribution and (*DHS Data) Public Goods *Alesina, Alberto, Reza Baqir, and William Easterly. "Public Goods and Ethnic Divisions."The Quarterly Journal of Economics114.4 (1999): 1243-1284. *Boix, Carles.Democracy and redistribution. Cambridge University Press, 2003. Introduction *Olken, Benjamin A. "Direct democracy and local public goods: Evidence from a field experiment in Indonesia."American Political Science Review104.02 (2010): 243-267. *Pierson, Paul. "The new politics of the welfare state."World politics48 (1996): 143-179.     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